Degraded soil quality

Soil degradation in the Mekong Region results from multiple factors, including the cumulative impacts of hydropower dams that disrupt the flow of sediment carrying essential nutrients and intensive and unsustainable farming practices reliant on chemical fertilizers. Erosion, driven mainly by deforestation, inappropriate land use, and heavy rainfall, compounds this issue. These combined factors contribute to the loss of fertile topsoil and deteriorating texture, compromising the soil's ability to support crops effectively. The decrease in texture affects the ability of soils to drain water. Floods can wash the soil from excess salt and may, in some cases, also wash away pollutants.

Recognizing the Mekong Region's significant agricultural dependence, introducing sustainable farming methods is crucial for long-term viability. Incorporating sustainable farming into the restoration of natural floodplain functions helps preserve and enhance soil, preventing degradation in the area. This approach supports a healthy floodplain ecosystem and the livelihoods of the local community.